About Commissioners, Advisory Council and Staff

Titles current as of the printing of the Final Report, December 1997.

About the Commmission | Commissioners | Advisory Council | Staff

About the Commission

Carnegie Corporation of New York established the Carnegie Commission on Preventing Deadly Conflict in May 1994 to address the looming threat to world peace of intergroup violence and to advance new ideas for the prevention and resolution of deadly conflict. An operating program of the Corporation, the Commission is cochaired by Corporation president emeritus David A. Hamburg and Cyrus R. Vance, former U.S. secretary of state. It has a membership of sixteen eminent international leaders and scholars with long experience in conflict prevention and resolution. An Advisory Council, expert consultants, and experienced practitioners have assisted the Commission in its work.

The Commission has examined the principal causes of deadly ethnic, nationalist, and religious conflicts within and between states and the circumstances that foster or deter their outbreak. Taking a long-term, worldwide view of violent conflicts that are likely to emerge, it seeks to determine the functional requirements of an effective system for preventing mass violence and to identify the ways in which such a system could be implemented. The Commission looks at the strengths and weaknesses of various international entities in conflict prevention and considers ways in which international organizations might contribute toward developing an effective international system of nonviolent problem solving.

The Commission's three-part conceptual approach serves both as a strategic framework for thinking about preventing mass violence and as an analytic structure to guide its work:

What is the problem posed by "deadly conflict" within or between states? Why is outside help necessary to deal with this problem?
How should that help be structured? What political, economic, military, or social tools are at the disposal of the international community? What is the relationship between and among these tools-especially now, in the post-Cold War world? Can a more coherent approach or system for using these tools in a selective way be devised as a more effective means of preventing mass violence?
Who should do the work? What should be the role of the international institutions and regional organizations? What prerogatives for action are individual states likely to retain? What responsibilities for preventing mass violence do these prerogatives suggest? How can the vast resources of the private sector-for example, nongovernmental organizations (NGOs), the media, religious groups, and the business community-be employed more effectively and be coordinated with governmental responses?

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Commissioners

David A. Hamburg, Cochair
President Emeritus
Carnegie Corporation of New York

Cyrus R. Vance, Cochair
Partner
Simpson Thacher & Bartlett

Gro Harlem Brundtland
Former Prime Minister of Norway

Virendra Dayal
Member
Human Rights Commission of India

Gareth Evans
Deputy Leader of the Opposition and Shadow Treasurer
Australia

Alexander L. George
Graham H. Stuart, Professor Emeritus of International Relations
Stanford University

Flora MacDonald
Chairperson
International Development
Research Centre
Former Foreign Minister of Canada

Donald F. McHenry
Distinguished Professor in the Practice of Diplomacy
Georgetown University

Olara A. Otunnu
President
International Peace Academy

David Owen
Chairman
Humanitas
Former Foreign Minister - United Kingdom

Shridath Ramphal
Cochairman
Commission on Global Governance

Roald Z. Sagdeev
Distinguished Professor
Department of Physics
University of Maryland

John D. Steinbruner
Director
Foreign Policy Studies Program
The Brookings Institution

Brian Urquhart
Former Under-Secretary-General for Special Political Affairs
United Nations

John C. Whitehead
Chairman
AEA Investors Inc.

Sahabzada Yaqub-Khan
Special Representative of the United Nations
Secretary-General for the Western Sahara
Former Foreign Minister of Pakistan

Special Advisors to the Commission

Arne Olav Brundtland
Director of Studies of Foreign and Security Policy
Senior Research Fellow
Norwegian Institute of International Affairs

Herbert S. Okun
Executive Director
Financial Services Volunteer Corps

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Advisory Council

Morton Abramowitz
President Emeritus
Carnegie Endowment for International Peace

Ali Abdullah Alatas
Minister of Foreign Affairs
Republic of Indonesia

Graham T. Allison
Director
Belfer Center for Science and International Affairs

Robert Badinter
Senator of Hauts de Seine, Senat

Carol Bellamy
Director
UNICEF

Harold Brown
Counselor
Center for Strategic and International Studies

McGeorge Bundy*
Scholar-in-Residence
Carnegie Corporation of New York

Jimmy Carter
The Carter Center of Emory University

Lori Damrosch
Professor of Law
Columbia Law School

Francis M. Deng
Senior Fellow
Foreign Policy Studies Program
The Brookings Institution

Sidney D. Drell
Professor and Deputy Director
Stanford Linear Accelerator Center
Stanford University

Lawrence S. Eagleburger
Senior Foreign Policy Advisor
Baker Donelson Bearman & Caldwell

Leslie H. Gelb
President
Council on Foreign Relations

David C. Gompert
Vice President
National Security Research
RAND

Andrew J. Goodpaster
Cochair
Atlantic Council of the United States

Mikhail Gorbachev
The Gorbachev Foundation

James P. Grant**
Executive Director
United Nations Children's Fund

Lee H. Hamilton
United States House of Representatives

Theodore H. Hesburgh
President Emeritus
University of Notre Dame

Donald L. Horowitz
James B. Duke Professor of Law and Political Science
Duke University School of Law

*Deceased September 1996
**Deceased February 1995

Michael Howard
President
International Institute for Strategic Studies

Karl Kaiser
Director
Research Institute of the German Society for Foreign Affairs

Nancy Kassebaum Baker
United States Senate, ret.

Sol M. Linowitz
Honorary Chairman
The Academy for Educational Development

Richard G. Lugar
United States Senate

Michael Mandelbaum
Christian A. Herter Professor of American Foreign Policy
The Paul H. Nitze School of Advanced International Studies
The Johns Hopkins University

Robert S. McNamara
Former United States Secretary of Defense

William H. McNeill
Professor Emeritus of History
University of Chicago

Sam Nunn
Partner
King & Spalding

Olusegun Obasanjo
President
Africa Leadership Forum

Sadako Ogata
The United Nations High Commissioner for Refugees
UNHCR

Javier Perez de Cuellar
Former Secretary-General
United Nations

Condoleezza Rice
Provost
Stanford University

Elliot L. Richardson
Milbank, Tweed, Hadley & McCloy

Harold H. Saunders
Director of International Affairs
The Kettering Foundation

George P. Shultz
Distinguished Fellow
Hoover Institution on War, Revolution and Peace
Stanford University

Richard H. Solomon
President
United States Institute of Peace)

James Gustave Speth
Administrator
United Nations Development Programme

Desmond Tutu
Archbishop Emeritus of Cape Town

Admiral James D. Watkins, USN (Ret.)
United States Secretary of Energy 1989 - 1993

Elie Wiesel
Nobel Laureate
Andrew W. Mellon Professor in the Humanities
Boston University

I. William Zartman
Jacob Blaustein Professor of International Organization and Conflict Resolution
Director of the African Studies and Conflict Management Programs
The Paul H. Nitze School of Advanced International Studies
The Johns Hopkins University

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Staff

Jane E. Holl
Executive Director

Thomas J. Leney
Senior Associate

Esther D. Brimmer
Senior Associate

Robert E. Lande
Senior Editor

Cornella Carter-Taylor
Office Administrator

Ann Grier Cutter
Public Relations Coordinator

Wanda M. Ellison
Administrative Assistant

Anita Sharma
Assistant Editor/Research Coordinator

Traci Swanson
Research Associate

Nancy L. Ward
Conference Coordinator

Mary C. Wiley
Assistant to the Executive Director

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*Deceased September 1996
**Deceased February 1995