2. John Stremlau, Clinton's dollar diplomacy. Foreign Policy 97 (Winter 1994-95):18-35.
3. Bruce R. Scott and Bob Tucker, eds., South Africa: Prospects for Successful Transition (Cape Town: Juta and Co., 1992), p. 29.
4. Most of these points were raised in an unpublished paper by Tom Lodge, "Opening the Way to Reconciliation: Why Leaders Matter" (University of the Witwatersrand, 1996).
5. Mikhail Gorbachev, Nonviolent leadership, paper prepared for the Carnegie Commission on Preventing Deadly Conflict.
6. Allister Sparks, Tomorrow Is Another Country (New York: Hill and Wang, 1995).
7. Similarities in the physical bearing, demeanor, and approach to leadership of Washington and Mandela may be inferred from Richard Bookhiser, Founding Father, Rediscovering George Washington (New York: Free Press, 1996), especially "Character," pp. 107-158.
8. Address by President Nelson Mandela on occasion of the adoption of the new constitution of South Africa, Cape Town, May 8, 1996.
9. Colin Eglin, mp, Constitutional checks and balances in South Africa's democracy. Unpublished paper prepared for "Miracles That Matter," an International Forum on Progress and Prospects for Democratic Peace in South Africa, June 19-21, 1996.
10. Statement of Deputy President Thabo Mbeki, on behalf of the African National Congress, on the occasion of the adoption by the Consitutional Assembly of "The Republic of South Africa Constitution Bill 1996," Cape Town, May 8, 1996.
11. Henry J. Steiner, ed., Truth Commissions: A Comparative Assessment (Boston: World Peace Foundation, 1997).
12. Alexander Boraine, Alternatives and adjuncts to criminal prosecutions. Draft paper prepared for a conference on Justice in Cataclysm: Criminal Tribunals in the Wake of Mass Violence, Brussels, Belgium, July 20-21, 1996.
13. Data on the South African economy were drawn from Growth, Employment and Redistribution, A Macro-Economic Strategy (Appendices), (Pretoria: Ministry of Finance, 1996); South Africa Survey, 1995/96 (Johannesburg: South African Institute of Race Relations, 1996); and An Economic Profile of South Africa 1995 (Johannesburg: Standard Bank of South Africa, 1996).
14. Growth, Employment and Redistribution (note 13, above), p. 20.
15. Data on education were drawn from White Paper on Education and Training (Cape Town: Department of Education, March 15, 1995); Department of Education, Annual Report, June 1994-December 1995, (Pretoria: Department of Education, May 1996); and South Africa Survey 1995/96, note 12 above, pp. 95-154.
16. Data are drawn from National Crime Prevention Strategy, Produced by an Interdepartmental Strategy Team consisting of the Departments of Correctional Services, Defence, Intelligence, Justice, Safety and Security and Welfare, May 1966; Annual Plan of the South African Police Service, 1996-1997 (Pretoria: Department of Safety and Security, 1996); and South Africa Survey 1995/96, note 12 above, pp. 37-94.
17. Moegslen Williams, Media and the government: partners or protagonists? Unpublished paper prepared for "Miracles That Matter," an International Forum on Progress and Prospects for Democratic Peace in South Africa, Cape Town, June 19-21, 1996.
18. For a full assessment of trends in U.S. official assistance, see Michael Clough, Nancy Bodurtha, and Nomsa Daniels, Official U.S. Involvement in Southern Africa, a report to the Southern Africa Grantmakers' Affinity Group (Washington, DC: Kaiser Family Foundation, 1996).
19. For a full assessment of trends in U.S. private assistance, see Meg Voorhes and Peter de Simone, Private Sector Involvement in Southern Africa, a report to the Southern Africa Grantmakers' Affinity Group (Washington, DC: Kaiser Family Foundation, 1996).
20. For a discussion of the growing role of NGOs in foreign relations, see John Stremlau, "Nongovernmental organizations," in Encyclopedia of U.S. Foreign Relations (New York: Oxford University Press, 1997). Previous chapter