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Extending the NPT - A Critical Oral History of the 1995 Review and Extension Conference is a record of a conference conducted at the Erasmus University Rotterdam on 22-23 March, 2018 as a part of the Wilson Center's Nuclear Proliferation International History Project. The conference in Rotterdam was not a traditional academic conference, but followed a critical oral history (COH) methodology with discussion between academic experts on one side and policy veterans on the other. This conference aimed at shedding new light on the indefinite extension of the Treaty on Non-Proliferation of Nuclear Weapons (NPT) in 1995. Given the upcoming 25th anniversary of the indefinite extension, and the growing role that the legacy of the extension plays for the NPT politics today, revisiting what happened and how in 1995 was an attractive prospect.

The funding for this project was generously secured by NPIHP from the Carnegie Corporation of New York. Additional funding was kindly provided by the Dutch Ministry of Foreign Affairs, Erasmus University Rotterdam, and Erasmus Trustfonds.

To download the publication in full, please click here.


History and Public Policy Program

The History and Public Policy Program makes public the primary source record of 20th and 21st century international history from repositories around the world, facilitates scholarship based on those records, and uses these materials to provide context for classroom, public, and policy debates on global affairs.  Read more

Nuclear Proliferation International History Project

The Nuclear Proliferation International History Project is a global network of individuals and institutions engaged in the study of international nuclear history through archival documents, oral history interviews, and other empirical sources. At the Wilson Center, it is part of the Wilson Center's History and Public Policy Program.  Read more

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